How much milk and other ingredients for an infant and a few-year-old?

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The World Health Organization (WHO) defines the introduction of complementary foods as a process of transition from exclusive breastfeeding to a family diet, which is from 6 to 18-24 months.

Duration of natural feeding

after 6 months of age it is difficult to provide the child with all the necessary nutrients by feeding exclusively on breast milk (WHO / UNICEF 1998), and the maturity of most infants allows them to feed other foods. Note, however, that new foods should be introduced gradually. Milk, whether mothers or modified (after 4 months of age) occupies a very important place in the child's daily menu.

Covering the baby's energy requirements by breastfeeding:
0 - 6 months - 100%
6 - 8 months old - 70%
9-11 months - 55%
12 - 23 months old - 40%

Basic rules for introducing complementary foods

the nutritional value of complementary foods should meet the child's increasing nutritional needs
preparation and storage of food for children should take place in hygienic conditions
consistency and form of administration should be age-appropriate to stimulate chewing and development of the child's skills
the order of introduction as for artificial infants, but it is advisable to maintain natural feeding between additional meals

Artificial feeding of infants

artificially fed infants starting from the age of 4 months we gradually introduce other (non-dairy) meals into the diet - starting from vegetable and fruit juices, vegetable soup, then meat, yolks and cereal meals
new foods are introduced individually and gradually in increasing amounts
individual serving size depending on the child's needs
appropriate level of food fineness depending on age
necessity of additional drinking
preparing meals from high-quality and chemically and biologically pure products
the correct way to prepare meals

Nutrition of children during early childhood and preschool age:

during this period a gradual transition to a diet similar to the adult diet is made
diet during this period is very important for the formation of correct or incorrect eating habits in later years of life

Daily energy needs for children aged 2-3

Boys

2 years - 82 kcal / kg bw

3 years - 84 kcal / kg bw

girls

2 years - 80 kcal / kg bw

3 years - 81 kcal / kg bw

Distribution of non-protein energy supply (children 2-3 years)

60-65% from carbohydrates, with reduced sugar supply (avoiding food and sweetened drinks)
35-40% from fat - with a limited supply of fats containing saturated trans fatty acids and cholesterol

Recommendations for nutrient supply in children aged 2-3 years

protein supply at the age of 13-36 months should be around 1g / kg
recommended dietary fiber intake should be around 10-15g / day
recommended calcium intake - 800-1000 mg (400ml milk + 150g yogurt + 30g yellow cheese)